Every scrap yard sorts material into two broad families first: ferrous and non-ferrous. Knowing which is which helps you sort faster and get a fairer quote.
Ferrous metals contain iron and are magnetic — think steel beams, cast iron, old appliances, and vehicle bodies. They make up the bulk of scrap by weight but are generally priced lower per kilogram than non-ferrous metal.
Non-ferrous metals — copper, aluminium, brass, stainless steel, lead — are not magnetic and are usually worth several times more per kilogram. Copper wiring and pipe, aluminium window frames, and brass fittings are common household sources.
The quick test: run a magnet over the item. If it sticks, it is ferrous. If not, check for other clues — weight, colour, and finish — or ask a buyer to confirm before you price it.